Review

Importance of circulating antibodies in protection against meningococcal disease

Volume 8, Issue 8   August 2012
Pages 1029 - 1035
http://dx.doi.org/10.4161/hv.20473
Keywords: Neisseria meningitidis, adolescent health, circulating antibodies, meningococcal conjugate vaccines, meningococcal disease, protective antibodies
Authors: Kim S. Erlich and Blaise L. Congeni

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Abstract:
Neisseria meningitidis infection results in life-threatening illnesses, including bacteremia, sepsis and meningitis. Early diagnosis and treatment are a challenge due to rapid disease progression, resulting in high mortality and morbidity in survivors. Disease can occur in healthy individuals, however, risk of infection is higher in patients with certain risk factors. N meningitidis carriage and case-fatality rates are high in adolescents and young adults. The absolute incidence of meningococcal disease has decreased partially due to increasing meningococcal vaccination rates. Maintaining protective levels of circulating antibodies by vaccination is necessary for clinical protection against disease. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices guidelines recommend vaccination for all individuals aged 11 through 12 years, followed by a booster dose at age 16 years for maintenance of protective antibody levels throughout the high-risk years. Despite these guidelines, many adolescents remain unvaccinated and susceptible to infection and disease. 

Received: February 17, 2012; Accepted: April 20, 2012; Published Online: August 1, 2012

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