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Article Addendum

Low temperature acclimation mediated by ethanol production is essential for chilling tolerance in rice roots

Hisashi Kato-Noguchi

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Rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.) were subjected to low temperature pretreatment (LT-PT; 10 °C) for various length of time followed by a 48-h chilling temperature stress (2 °C). Chilling tolerance of rice roots was improved with increasing duration of LT-PT, but HT-PT longer than 12 h gave no additional improvement. LT-PT did not change in fatty acid composition in rice roots under the present experimental condition. Alcohol dehydro¬genase (ADH) activity and ethanol concentration in the roots were increased with increasing duration of LT-PT up to 12 h, which indicates that LT-PT increased ethanol fermentation in the roots. 4-Methylpyrazole, a potent inhibitor of ADH, reduced the ethanol concentration and the chilling tolerance in the roots. This reduction of the chilling tolerance recovered with exogenously applied ethanol. Ethanol also induced 21- and 33-kD protein synthesis in the roots and these proteins may contribute the improvement of the tolerance. The present research suggests that LT-PT may increase chilling tolerance in rice roots owing to ethanol production, and ethanol may trigger a signal transduction cascade, which might lead to a decrease in membrane damage and injury.

Authors

Hisashi Kato-Noguchi

Department of Applied Biological Science; Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan

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