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Cut1/separase-dependent roles of multiple phosphorylation of fission yeast cohesin subunit Rad21 in post-replicative damage repair and mitosis

Yoh Adachi, Aya Kokubu, Masahiro Ebe, Koji Nagao and Mitsuhiro Yanagida

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Cohesin is a multiprotein complex essential for sister-chromatid cohesion. It plays a pivotal role in proper chromosome segregation and DNA damage repair. The mitotic behavior of cohesin is controlled through its phosphorylation, which possibly induces the dissociation of cohesin from chromosomes and enhances its susceptibility to separase. Here, we report using mass spectrometry and anti-phospho antibodies that the central domain of Rad21, the separase-target subunit of Schizosaccharomyces pombe cohesin, is regulated by various kinase-induced phosphorylation at nine residues, indicating the multiple roles for S. pombe cohesin. In vegetative and non-dividing G0 cells, Rad21 is phosphorylated by unknown S/TP-consensus kinases, in mitotic and non-mitotic cells by polo/Plo1 and CDK, and in DNA-damaged cells by Rad3/ATR. While mitotic phosphorylation is implicated in the dissociation of Rad21 and its cleavage by separase in anaphase, the Rad3/ATR-dependent damage-induced phosphorylation occurs intensively at the time of repair completion, and only in post-replicative cells. This damage-induced Rad21 phosphorylation is involved in the recovery process of cells from checkpoint arrest, and needed for the removal of cohesin by separase after the completion of damage repair. These complex phospho-regulations of Rad21 indicate the functional significance of cohesin in cell adaptation to a variety of cellular conditions.

Authors

Yoh Adachi

Kyoto University; Kyoto, Japan

Aya Kokubu

Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Promotion Corporation; Okinawa, Japan

Masahiro Ebe

Kyoto University; Kyoto, Japan

Koji Nagao

Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Promotion Corporation; Okinawa, Japan

Mitsuhiro Yanagida

Kyoto University; Kyoto, Japan

This is an open-access article

 Download PDF

If the document does not open, please right-click on the link (control-click on a Macintosh) and select the option to save the file to disk.