Pre‑mRNA splicing requires the activities of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins and other essential splicing factors. Among these are members of the SR protein family and SR‑related proteins, which are integrally involved in regulating exon recognition, spliceosomal assembly, and...

Intracellular mRNA localization is an important regulatory aspect of eukaryotic gene expression. Targeted, active transport requires RNA cis‑localization elements, trans‑acting RNA binding proteins (RBPs) that recognize these sequences and an intact cytoskeleton. Although highly prevalent...

The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) family includes a diverse group of RNA binding proteins to which we are affiliating here other structurally and functionally related proteins (e.g., Nova, Sam68, ESRP, Fox, TDP‑43, Hu, CUG‑BP, MBNL and TIA proteins). These hnRNP and...

Eukaryotic cells adopt different mechanisms to control gene expression: Transcriptional regulation, post‑transcriptional control of mRNA translation and turnover, and post‑translational regulation of proteins. Another mechanism, the localization of RNAs, is emerging as an important process...

RNA‑binding proteins (RBPs) are recognized as key regulatory factors in the posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. Over the past decades, considerable progress has been made in the identification of RBPs active in the stress response as well as in development and...

RNA editing was originally believed to be a rare event occurring mostly in organelles of peculiar organisms. Advances in bioinformatics, the vast number of transcript and genomic sequences, together with novel sequencing technologies, however, has led to a dramatic change of this view. Today,...

MRNA localization is a widely used mechanism for the spatial and temporal control of gene expression. In higher eukaryotes, the mRNA‑transport machinery has a complexity that renders a mechanistic understanding at the molecular level difficult. During the last 15 years, studies in fungi have...

Glycine‑rich regions form intrinsically unstructured domains within RNA‑binding proteins. Although they lack a defined structure when alone in solution, these domains can form more defined structural elements when interacting with other proteins or with RNA. TDP‑43 and FUS are RNA...

RNA binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in each step of RNA metabolism. Most of them are composed of small RNA binding domains (RBDs) that are needed for their recruitment to specific RNA targets. The mode of RNA recognition of these RBDs has been studied by structural biologists for more...