Gregor Anderluh
Department of Biology
Biotechnical Faculty
University of Ljubljana
Ljubljana, Slovenia

Jeremy Lakey
Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences
The Medical School
University of Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

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About this Book

Presents new structures and biophysical studies on proteins

Compares the properties of membrane channels formed by amyloid proteins and pore forming toxins

Provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge about proteins, highlighting their general structural properties

There are currently only two structures of pores available, of α-toxin from Staphylococcus aureus and hemolysin E from Escherichia coli. So what we know about these proteins was obtained over many years of intense experimentation. We have nevertheless, in the last couple of years, witnessed a significant rise in structural information on the soluble forms of pore-forming proteins. Surprisingly, many unexpected similarities with other proteins were noted, despite extremely low or insignificant sequence similarity. It appears that lipid membrane binding and formation of transmembrane channels is achieved in many cases by a limited repertoire of structures. This book describes how several of the important pore forming toxin families achieve membrane binding and which structural elements are used for formation of transmembrane pores. Our contributors have thus provided the means for a comparative analysis of several unrelated families.

Table of Contents

1. Introduction
Susanne C. Feil, Galina Polekhina, Michael A. Gorman and Michael W. Parker

2. Energetics of Peptide and Protein Binding to Lipid Membranes
William C. Wimley

3. Membrane Association and Pore Formation by Alpha‑Helical Peptides
Burkhard Bechinger

4. Role of Membrane Lipids for the Activity of Pore Forming Peptides and Proteins
Gustavo Fuertes, Diana Giménez, Santi Esteban‑Martín, Ana J. García‑Sáez, Orlando Sánchez and Jesús Salgado

5. Cholesterol‑Dependent Cytolysins
Robert J.C. Gilbert

6. Laetiporus sulphureus Lectin and Aerolysin Protein Family
José Miguel Mancheño, Hiroaki Tateno, Daniel Sher and Irwin J. Goldstein

7. Interfacial Interactions of Pore-Forming Colicins
Helen Ridley, Christopher L. Johnson and Jeremy H. Lakey

8. Permeabilization of the Outer Mitochondrial Membrane by Bcl‑2 Proteins
Ana J. García‑Sáez, Gustavo Fuertes, Jacob Suckale and Jesús Salgado

9. Molecular Mechanism of Sphingomyelin‑Specific Membrane Binding and Pore Formation by Actinoporins
Biserka Bakrač and Gregor Anderluh

10. Hemolysin E (HlyE, ClyA, SheA) and Related Toxins
Stuart Hunt, Jeffrey Green and Peter J. Artymiuk

11. Pore formation by Cry toxins
Mario Soberón, Liliana Pardo, Carlos Muñóz‑Garay, Jorge Sánchez, Isabel Gómez, Helena Porta and Alejandra Bravo

12. Role of Heparan Sulfates and Glycosphingolipids in the Pore Formation of Basic Polypeptides of Cobra Cardiotoxin
Wen‑guey Wu, Siu‑Cin Tjong, Po‑long Wu, Je‑hung Kuo and Karen Wu

13. Amyloid Peptide Pores and The Beta Sheet Conformation
Bruce L. Kagan and Jyothi Thundimadathil